Nnyocha na Ngwa nke Teknụzụ GPS na Ọrụ Ugbo

Itinye teknụzụ GPS n'ọrụ ugbo na akụrụngwa akụrụngwa nwere ike melite ọkwa ogo ọrụ ugbo yana arụmọrụ igwe. Ọ na-akọwapụta ihe mejupụtara GPS na teknụzụ GPS dị iche iche, na-enyocha ngwa ngwa GPS na ọrụ ugbo ọgbara ọhụrụ na akụrụngwa akụrụngwa, iji nye nkọwa maka ntinye nke teknụzụ GPS na ọrụ ugbo ọgbara ọhụrụ na mba m.

The management of crop growth and material placement in traditional agriculture in my country is largely based on experience, while modern agriculture requires precise operations to manage different fields and crops separately, and carry out field management and material placement based on the growth characteristics of crops in the field and soil conditions , Management effectiveness and accuracy of material delivery have been greatly improved. In order to facilitate the management of farmland operations, a positioning system is required to accurately locate and record geographic locations. The use of global positioning system for data collection and the use of modern information technology for navigation on this basis can provide effective help for farmers to accurately grasp the location of agricultural machinery such as tractors and harvesters and farmland equipment, and greatly improve the accuracy of agricultural production. It is an important application of GPS technology in modern agriculture

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1 Ihe mejupụtara GPS

GPS na-ezo aka Global n'ọnọdu System. Principlekpụrụ ya bụ iji satalaịtị iji chọpụta ma chọta ihe dị na ala. GPS nwere akụkụ atọ dị mkpa: nlekota ala, ụyọkọ ohere, na nnabata ndị ọrụ. E kewara nlekota ala n'ime uzo ato: ebe ogwu, ebe nlekota, na ebe ndi isi. Lọ ọrụ ntanye bụ ọrụ maka ịgbanye data satịlaịtị zuru ezu;

Obu oru maka inyocha ihe omuma nke satellites, ma n’otu oge ichikota ephemeris; nna ukwu na-achịkwa ọdụ na-agbanwe agbanwe usoro dị iche iche n'oge. Akụkụ atọ a na-aghọta njikọrịta nke ozi site na enyemaka nke teknụzụ nkwukọrịta ọgbara ọhụrụ, ma nwee ike ịgbanwere data dị iche iche n'oge. A na-arụ ọrụ na njikwa nke ụlọ ọrụ atọ ahụ na-adabere na kọmputa na elekere atọm, nke nwere ike ịghọta akpaaka na nkenke nke usoro ọrụ. Otu kpakpando ndị nwere mbara igwe nwere satịlaịtị iri abụọ na anọ, nke atọ n’ime ha bụ Satellites mapụtara. Ejiri elekere 24 dị elu na satellites 24 dị elu. Akara Atomic na-arụ ọrụ dị oke mkpa na Satellites ma bụrụ ihe ndabere dị mkpa maka njikwa oge kachasị elu. . Satellites dị na kpakpando ndị na-ejikọ mbara igwe na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na gburugburu 6, oge mmegharị ahụ bụ ihe dịka 11 h58 min, nke na-enye nkwa zuru oke maka nlele satịlaịtị n'akụkụ niile na oge ọ bụla n'ụwa. Na mgbakwunye, ihu igwe agaghị emetụta nnabata na mgbasa nke satịlaịtị, si otu ahụ nweta ọnọdụ ụwa oge niile. Onye ọrụ na-anata akụkụ bụ ịnata akara ngosi nke satịlaịtị na-ebufe site na nnata GPS, ma jiri data natara iji lelee ma hazie data iji mezue ọrụ igodo na nhazi. N'ikwu ya n'ụzọ dị mfe, ọ bụ iji soro data dị iche iche nke satịlaịtị, wee mezie ma mee ka akara ngosi ahụ nwetara iji nweta akara GPS. A na-agbakọ oge ọ na-ewe iji gbasaa site na satịlaịtị gaa na antenna nnata na-adabere na ozi igodo nke satịlaịtị GPS mere. Nhazi ntụgharị asụsụ, wee nweta ọsọ ọsọ atọ, oge na ọnọdụ nke ọdụ. Site na ahịa mba ụwa dị ugbu a, enwere ọtụtụ ndị na-emepụta GPS receivers. Ọdịdị nke onye na-enweta GPS nwere ike kewaa abụọ ụzọ abụọ, ya bụ ngalaba na-anata ya na antenna,

Ihe a na - enweta na - anata ike, ebe nchekwa, ngalaba ọwa, ngụkọta oge na ngosiputa ihe ngosi, wdg.

2Differential GPS technology

A na - emepe teknụzụ GPS dị iche iche site na teknụzụ GPS na teknụzụ dị iche. Teknụzụ a na-enye GPS ohere inweta data ziri ezi iji gboo mkpa nke ndị ọrụ dị elu. Tinye ebe nnabata GPS ebe enwere ebe izizi iji mepụta ebe ntinye aka. Ozugbo onye natara akwụkwọ na-anata ozi satịlaịtị a na-ahụ anya, ọ ga-atụle pseudorange nke satịlaịtị ahụ dabere na ozi ahụ ma jiri pseudorange tụnyere ezigbo anya. N'ụzọ dị otú a, a na-enweta njehie mmetụ ọnọdụ nke ihe ngosi satellite na-ahụ anya na usoro GPS. A na-akpọkwa njehie a ọdịiche mgbatị dị iche. Jiri njehie a dị ka uru mgbazi iji tụnyere data ọkọlọtọ ma nyefee ya na ọdụ na-ebupụta oghere, nke mere na usoro GPS nke onye ọrụ ọ bụla nọ na mpaghara dị nso na-enweta mgbazi mgbazi njehie site na ngụkọta oge, wee sizie ụkpụrụ mmụba GPS dị n'ime usoro ọnọdụ ma melite nhazi ọnọdụ. A ga-amata ọdịiche GPS dị iche iche dị iche na ụzọ ọdụ ụgbọelu si eziga ozi, gụnyere ihe dị iche iche nke ụgbọelu, ọdịiche pseudorange, ọdịiche dị iche, na esemokwu pseudorange dị mma Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ejirila teknụzụ dị iche iche dị iche iche dị iche iche na teknụzụ mmepụta ihe ubi na-enye data zuru oke maka ọnọdụ ziri ezi nke ọrụ ugbo ọgbara ọhụrụ.

3 Application of GPS in modern agriculture

Ihe mgbaru ọsọ kasịnụ nke mmepe nke ọrụ ugbo nke oge a bụ ịbawanye mkpụrụ na uru akụ na ụba nke ihe ọkụkụ, ma melite gburugburu ebe a na-akọ ugbo. Iji mezuo ebumnuche a n'ụzọ dị irè, ọ bụghị naanị na ọ dị mkpa ịme nyocha na iwebata ụdị ọhụrụ dị elu na nnukwu mkpụrụ, gbanwee usoro mmepụta ihe ubi, mee ka njikwa ihe ubi ubi sie ike, chepụta usoro njikọta sayensị, wdg. akụrụngwa akụrụngwa site na nzụlite sayensị wee na-arụ ọrụ nhazi nke ọma na njikwa nwere ike nweta mmepe na njiri akụ niile, meziwanye njiri akụ yana uru mmepe na-adigide, ma nyere aka mee ka akụ na ụba ọrụ ugbo na arụmọrụ. Yabụ, ọ dị mkpa iji nweta ihe ọmụma akụ dị iche iche nke ọrụ ugbo ọfụma ma n'ụzọ ziri ezi ma n'oge kwesịrị ekwesị.

3.1 Etinyere n'ichepụta ala elektrọnik ala ubi

Iji tinye ma melite nkenke teknụzụ ọrụ ugbo, a na-eme maapụ elektrọnik nke ala ubi dịka ala ubi akọpụtara. Dịka ọrụ nke ọrụ nnabata GPS, ndị ọrụ ugbo nwere ike ịgagharị gburugburu ala ubi ahụ gburugburu, si otú a na-achọpụta njedebe nke ọnọdụ nke ala ubi. Iji debe usoro dị iche iche nke ala ubi na-agbaso na ozi nke ala ubi ahụ, ndị ọrụ ugbo ga-emelite ma nyochaa ọnọdụ uto nke mkpụrụ, nkesa nri na-edozi ala, mbuze ala na ọnọdụ ọrụ na ala ubi n'oge kwesịrị ekwesị. A na-eji usoro GPS iji melite mpaghara ndị nwere nnukwu mgbanwe na ọdịdị ala nke ala ubi, ka e wee nweta ndekọ ziri ezi na nhazi satịlaịtị.

It also includes important factors such as roads, reservoirs, houses, ditches, etc. distributed in the farmland, which are accurately displayed on the farmland electronic map. After recording the various data on the farmland, use the downloaded and recorded farmland boundary and topographic data, and apply relevant software to make a farmland electronic map for later use.

3.2 Etinyere ezi nchoputa nke ala nri

Site na nlele nke ala, enwere ike nweta nkesa nke ala na-edozi ahụ, nke na-enye ihe ndabere maka njikọta sayensị na-eme ka arụmọrụ nke fatịlaịza rụọ ọrụ. Enwere ike iji GPS na ihe nlele metụtara ya rụọ ọrụ ala. Dika ihe nlere choro, a na-eji ihe nlele GPS nchikota ihe nlere nke ala oru ubi. Ọnọdụ nke ebe nlele nke ọ bụla nwere ike mechaa site na teknụzụ GPS dị iche. Mgbe ahụ, dị ka ihe oriri na-edozi ahụ dị na ihe atụ na map nke topographic nke mpaghara nyocha, yana GIS na teknụzụ, ala dị na mpaghara A na-esepụta map nke na-edozi ọdịnaya iji nye ihe ndabere a pụrụ ịdabere na ya maka ndị ọrụ ugbo iji sayensị na-edozi ma jiri ezi uche dozie ihe ọkụkụ akuku. N'ime oge ihe ọkụkụ, enwere ike iji ọnọdụ GPS iji kpokọta data, yana atụle ala na ihe ọkụkụ nke ala ubi nwere ike iji atụnyere ma nyochaa, yana uto nke ihe ọkụkụ n'oge dị iche iche na ọdịnaya edozi nke ala n'oge dị iche iche. enwere ike ịdepụta ya site na teknụzụ GPS na teknụzụ RS. A na-ese map ahụ iji ghọta mmepụta ọrụ ugbo nke oge a na njikwa sayensị na usoro ziri ezi.

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3.3 Etinyere igwe oru ugbo ohuru

Ntughari nke teknụzụ GPS na ịkọ ugbo ugbu a bụ maka ịhazi ọnọdụ zuru oke, nhazi ihu igwe na igodo nke ọrụ ugbo dị iche iche. Iji mezuo ebumnuche ndị a, ndị na-anabata GPS kwesịrị ijikọ ya na igwe ọrụ ugbo iji nweta ọnọdụ zuru oke, mmụba ọdịdị ala na igodo akpaka nke ala ubi n'ọtụtụ ọrụ ugbo.

(1) Etinyere ndị mmadụ na traktị. Ndị traktọ na-ejighị ya na-eji GPS na sistemụ ala dị nso iji rụọ ọrụ ala ubi site na iji teknụzụ na-akwadoghị. Ndị ọrụ traktị a na-ejighị n’aka nwere ike ịtọhapụ ndị ọrụ ugbo, achọghị ọrụ ọkwọ ụgbọ ala, ma nwee ike ịrụ ọrụ ọfụma oge ọ bụla maka awa 24. Enwere ike iji ya mee ihe maka itinye ngwa ọrụ ugbo, nke na-eme ka arụmọrụ ọrụ nke ngalaba ahụ dịkwuo mma.

(2) Etinyere ichikota ndi na-ewe ihe ubi. Typedị onye na -achị ihe ubi ahụ ji usoro ihe eji enweta ụwa yana usoro ihe ọmụma banyere ụwa. Mgbe a na-egbute ihe ọkụkụ, ihe mmetụta mkpụrụ osisi na teknụzụ DGPS nwere ike ịnweta data nkesa nke mmepụta nke mkpụrụ ọ bụla na ala ubi, ma tinye data ndị a na kọmputa iji mee ka nkesa mmepụta Nkọwapụta; Tinyezie ihe ndị na-emetụta ihe ọkụkụ na kọmputa maka ịtụle, nyochaa ihe kpatara ebumnuche dị iche iche, wee were usoro kwekọrọ ekwekọ iji dozie ha, iji wee nweta ebumnuche nke ịbawanye ihe ubi ubi. Na mgbakwunye, enwere ike iji sọftụwia njikwa ọgụgụ isi nke akụrụngwa akụrụngwa ịba ụba mkpụrụ dị ka mkpa dị mkpa, dị ka akụrụngwa akụrụngwa, igwe na-echekwa ihe ọkụkụ, igwe fatịlaịza, wdg; A na-ahazi atụmatụ ịkọ ihe ọkụkụ n’afọ ọ bụla site n’iji data arụpụta ihe. Mezuo ebumnuche akuku ihe ubi ugbo nke ọma.

(3) Etinyere agbanwe agbanwe Fertilization. A na-eme fatịlaịza dị ka ọchịchọ nke ihe ọkụkụ ahụ si dị, a na-eji ihe na-eme ka fatịlaịza na-akpaghị aka gbanwee. Nke mbu, a na-eji onye nata GPS mee ka mpaghara akuku ihe ubi belata ma nweta data ngwe nke ebe a kụrụ ihe. A na-abanye data n'ime kọmputa iji mee map kọmputa, ma mesịa data ahụ na-arụ ọrụ site na usoro ihe ọmụma banyere ala iji nyochaa mpaghara ala ubi ahụ. Ihe omuma banyere nri na nchekwa data. Nke abuo, tinye data na mkpebi nke nkata ọrụ na usoro nchịkwa nke onye na-etinye fatịlaịza na-agbanwe agbanwe, ka onye na-etinye fatịlaịza rụọ ọrụ fatịlaịza n'ime ala ubi, ma jiri onye natara GPS nata data dị iche iche site na satịlaịtị iji kpee ikpe ahụ. mkpebi fatịlaịza nke ọ bụla ala oru ubi unit Ozi, ịchịkwa Fertilization nke fatịlaịza applicator, ma nweta nzube nke na-akpaghị aka ịgbanwe Fertilization na kwekọrọ ekwekọ ala.

(4) Itinye aka na nchoputa nke oria osisi na umu ahụhụ. A na - ahụ oge ọrịa na ụmụ ahụhụ ahụhụ site na obere oge nnyefe yana nnukwu mgbasa, nke na - emebi ihe ubi. Jiri teknụzụ GPS iji kpokọta ozi dị mkpa gbasara mpaghara ebe ahụhụ na ọrịa na-eme, ma bulite ha na ngalaba na-ahụ maka ihe na-akpata ahụhụ site na forntanetị maka ịme mkpebi. Dabere na ozi dị nchikọtara site na teknụzụ GPS, ngalaba mgbochi na njikwa nwere ike ịpụta ụzọ na-agbasa ma gbasaa usoro pests na kọmputa, iji mepụta usoro mgbochi na njikwa dị mkpa dabere na ozi a iji belata akụ na ụba ọnwụ ndị pests kpatara na-akọ ugbo.

4 Mmechi

Na mmeputa ugbo nke oge a, ntinye nke teknụzụ GPS na-enyere aka na mmepe na mmụba nke uru nke ịkọ ugbo ziri ezi, ma nwee ike hụ na ọrụ ugbo na-enweta ebumnuche nke oke arụmọrụ, obere oriri na nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi. Nkea bukwazi ihe gbasoro mmepe ugbo ugbu a.


Post oge: Sep-25-2020