Kafukufuku Wogwiritsa Ntchito GPS Technology mu Ulimi Wamakono

Kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa GPS kuminda yazaulimi ndi makina azaulimi kumatha kukonza magwiridwe antchito a makina azaulimi. Imafotokozera momwe GPS imagwirira ntchito ndikusiyanitsa ukadaulo wa GPS, imasanthula momwe GPS imagwiritsidwira ntchito muulimi wamakono ndi makina azolimo, kuti athe kufotokoza momwe angagwiritsire ntchito ukadaulo wa GPS muulimi wamakono mdziko langa.

The management of crop growth and material placement in traditional agriculture in my country is largely based on experience, while modern agriculture requires precise operations to manage different fields and crops separately, and carry out field management and material placement based on the growth characteristics of crops in the field and soil conditions , Management effectiveness and accuracy of material delivery have been greatly improved. In order to facilitate the management of farmland operations, a positioning system is required to accurately locate and record geographic locations. The use of global positioning system for data collection and the use of modern information technology for navigation on this basis can provide effective help for farmers to accurately grasp the location of agricultural machinery such as tractors and harvesters and farmland equipment, and greatly improve the accuracy of agricultural production. It is an important application of GPS technology in modern agriculture

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1 Kapangidwe ka GPS

GPS imanena za Global Positioning System. Mfundo yake ndikugwiritsa ntchito ma satelayiti oyenda kuti azindikire ndikupeza zinthu pansi. GPS ili ndi magawo atatu akulu: kuwunika pansi, kuwundana kwa malo, ndi kulandira kwa ogwiritsa ntchito. Kuwunika pansi kumagawika m'magawo atatu: jekeseni, malo owunikira, ndi malo oyang'anira. Malo opangira jekeseni ndi omwe amayenera kubaya zambiri za satana;

Udindo wowunikira zenizeni zenizeni za ma satelayiti, komanso nthawi yomweyo kulemba ephemeris; siteshoni yoyang'anira ikukonzanso magawo osiyanasiyana munthawi yake. Magawo atatuwa amazindikira kulumikizana kwazidziwitso mothandizidwa ndiukadaulo wamakono wolumikizirana, ndipo amatha kusinthana kwama data osiyanasiyana munthawi yeniyeni. Kugwira ntchito ndi kuwongolera masiteshoni atatu onse amamangidwa potengera makompyuta ndi mawotchi a atomiki, omwe amatha kuzindikira momwe ntchitoyo imagwirira ntchito komanso kulondola. Gulu la nyenyezi lili ndi ma satelayiti 24, omwe atatu mwa iwo ndi ma satellite osungira. Ma satelayiti 24 amakhala ndi mawotchi apamwamba kwambiri. Mawotchi a atomiki amathandizira kwambiri ma satelayiti ndipo ndi njira yofunikira pakuwongolera nthawi molondola kwambiri. . Ma satelayiti am'magulu am'mlengalenga amagwiranso ntchito mofanana mozungulira maulendo asanu ndi limodzi, ndipo nthawi yozungulira ndi pafupifupi 11 h58 min, zomwe zimapereka chitsimikizo chokwanira pakuwona ma satellite m'malo onse ndi nthawi zonse padziko lapansi. Kuphatikiza apo, nyengo sizingakhudze kulandira ndi kufalitsa kwa ma satellite, potero kukwaniritsa maimidwe apadziko lonse lapansi. Gawo lomwe wogwiritsa ntchito akulandila ndikulandila molondola zikwangwani zomwe zimafalitsidwa ndi satellite kudzera pa wolandila GPS, ndikugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zalandilidwa kuti zitsatire ndikusanja zomwe zatsirizidwa kuti mumalize ntchito yolondolera ndi kuyika. Mwachidule, ndikutsata ma data osiyanasiyana a satellite, kenako kukonza ndi kukulitsa chizindikirocho kuti mupeze chizindikiritso cha GPS. Nthawi yomwe imafalikira kuchokera pa satellite kupita ku antenna yolandila amawerengedwa potengera mauthenga oyenda omwe amapangidwa ndi GPS satellite. Kusintha kwa kumasulira, kenako ndikupeza liwiro lamitundu itatu, nthawi ndi malo okwerera. Kuchokera kumsika wapadziko lonse lapansi, pali opanga ambiri olandila GPS. Kapangidwe ka wolandila GPS atha kugawidwa m'magawo awiri, omwe ndi gawo lolandirira ndi gawo la antenna,

Gawo lolandirira limapangidwa ndimagetsi, chosungira, mayendedwe, njira zowerengera komanso zowongolera, ndi zina zambiri. Chipangizo cha antenna chimapangidwa ndi preamplifier ndikulandila antenna.

2Differential Ukadaulo wa GPS

Makina osiyanitsa a GPS amapangidwa kudzera muukadaulo wa GPS komanso ukadaulo wosiyanitsa. Njira imeneyi imalola GPS kupeza zidziwitso zolondola kukwaniritsa zosowa za ogwiritsa ntchito apamwamba. Ikani wolandila GPS pamalo pomwe pali malo enieni kuti apange malo olowera. Wolandila siteshoni atalandira chidziwitso chowonekera cha satelayiti, imayeza pseudorange ya Kanema kutengera zomwe zadziwikazo ndikufanizira pseudorange ndi mtunda woyenera. Mwanjira iyi, cholakwika choyesa malo pazidziwitso zowonekera pa satellite mu GPS zimapezeka. Vutoli limatchedwanso kusiyana kwakukonzekera mtunda. Kenako gwiritsani ntchito cholakwikachi ngati mtengo wokonzekeretsa kuti mufananize ndi zomwe zimafotokozedwazo ndikusunthira pamalo oyambira danga, kuti makina a GPS a aliyense wogwiritsa ntchito mdera loyandikira alandire cholakwika chowerengera kuchokera kuwerengetsa, potero ndikuwunika muyeso wa GPS mkati dongosolo masanjidwe ndi kuwongolera masanjidwe olondola. Kuyika ma GPS mosiyanitsa kudzasiyanitsidwa malinga ndi kusiyana kwa momwe siteshoni yoyambira imatumizira zidziwitso, kuphatikiza kusiyanasiyana kwa gawo, pseudorange kusiyana, kusiyana kwa malo, ndi kusiyana kosalala kwa pseudorange. Pakadali pano, matekinoloje osiyanasiyanawa akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito mu matekinoloje osiyanasiyana azopanga zaulimi kuti apereke chidziwitso chatsatanetsatane chakuyimira kwaulimi wamakono.

3 Application of GPS in modern agriculture

Cholinga chachikulu pakukula kwa ulimi wamakono ndikuwonjezera zokolola komanso phindu pazachuma, ndikukonzanso malo obzala ulimi. Kuti mukwaniritse cholingachi, sikofunikira kokha kuchita kafukufuku ndikupanga mitundu yatsopano yabwino kwambiri komanso yotulutsa zipatso zambiri, kusintha kapangidwe kaulimi, kulimbikitsa kasamalidwe ka mbewu m'munda, kupanga njira zaukadaulo za sayansi, ndi zina zambiri, komanso kukonzekera Ntchito zaulimi potengera chitukuko cha sayansi ndikuwongolera mwatsatanetsatane kutumizidwa ndi kasamalidwe koyenera kumatha kukwaniritsa chitukuko chonse ndikugwiritsa ntchito chuma, kukonza bwino magwiritsidwe ntchito ndi zopindulitsa zachitukuko, ndikuthandizira kukulitsa ndalama zopangira ulimi ndikuchita bwino. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kupeza molondola komanso munthawi yake kupeza ndikugwiritsa ntchito zidziwitso zosiyanasiyana zaulimi wamakono.

3.1 Kugwiritsa ntchito popanga mamapu amagetsi m'minda

Pofuna kugwiritsa ntchito ndikusintha ukadaulo waluso waulimi, mapu apamagetsi aminda amapangidwa molingana ndi malo olimidwa. Malinga ndi momwe zida zolandirira GPS zimagwirira ntchito, alimi amatha kuyenda mozungulira minda mozungulira, potero azindikira malire a malo amalire. Pofuna kuti madera osiyanasiyana azigwirizana mofanana ndi momwe minda iliri, alimi ayenera kukonza ndikufufuza momwe mbewu zilili, kagawidwe kazakudya za nthaka, kukokoloka kwa nthaka ndi magwiridwe antchito m mundawo munthawi yake. Njira ya GPS imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza madera ndikusintha kwakukulu pamalopo, kuti athe kujambula molondola komanso kusanja satellite.

It also includes important factors such as roads, reservoirs, houses, ditches, etc. distributed in the farmland, which are accurately displayed on the farmland electronic map. After recording the various data on the farmland, use the downloaded and recorded farmland boundary and topographic data, and apply relevant software to make a farmland electronic map for later use.

3.2 Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakufufuza molondola za michere ya m'nthaka

Pogwiritsa ntchito zitsanzo za nthaka, kugawidwa kwa michere ya nthaka kungapezeke, komwe kumapereka maziko a umuna wasayansi ndikukulitsa kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza moyenera. Zitsanzo za dothi zitha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito GPS ndi pulogalamu yofananira. Malinga ndi momwe muyeso wake ukufunira, GPS sampler imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutolera zitsanzo zanthaka m'minda. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa mfundo iliyonse kumatha kumalizidwa ndi ukadaulo wa GPS. Kenako, malinga ndi michere yomwe ili mchitsanzo ndi mapu am'malo ofufuzira, kuphatikiza ukadaulo wa GIS, nthaka m'derali Mapu omwe amagawidwa ndi michere amapangidwa kuti apereke maziko odalirika kuti alimi azipangira manyowa asayansi ndikukonzekera mwanzeru kubzala. Munthawi yakukula kwa mbewu, kuyika GPS kumatha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kusonkhanitsa deta, ndipo zitsanzo za nthaka ndi zitsanzo za minda zitha kuyerekezedwa ndikusanthula, ndikukula kwa mbewu munthawi zosiyanasiyana komanso michere ya nthaka munthawi zosiyanasiyana itha kujambulidwa kudzera muukadaulo wa GPS ndi ukadaulo wa RS. Mapuwa ajambulidwa kuti akwaniritse zaulimi wamakono ndi kasamalidwe ka sayansi ndi malamulo oyenera.

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3.3 Amagwiritsa ntchito makina amakono azaulimi

Kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa GPS muulimi wamakono mwatsatanetsatane ndikukhazikitsa molondola, kuyeza malo ndi kuyenda kwa ntchito zosiyanasiyana m'minda. Kuti akwaniritse zolingazi, olandila GPS ayenera kulumikizidwa kwambiri ndimakina oyang'anira minda kuti akwaniritse bwino, kuyeza malo komanso kuyendetsa minda mozungulira minda zosiyanasiyana.

(1) Kugwiritsa ntchito mathirakitala opanda anthu. Matalakitala opanda makina amagwiritsa ntchito GPS ndi makina oyandikira pansi kuti aziyenda m'minda pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wopanda ntchito. Matalakitala opanda anthu amatha kumasula ntchito zaulimi, safuna zoyendetsa, ndipo amatha kugwira ntchito bwino mosalekeza kwa maola 24. Danga lamkati lingagwiritsidwenso ntchito kukhazikitsa zida zaulimi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magwiridwe antchito onse azigwira bwino ntchito.

(2) Anayesetsa kuphatikiza okolola. Wokolola wamtunduwu amakhala ndi pulogalamu yolandirira padziko lonse lapansi komanso makina azidziwitso. Mbewu zikakololedwa, zokolola zokolola ndi ukadaulo wa DGPS zitha kupeza chidziwitso chogawana za mbeu iliyonse m'munda, ndikulowetsa izi pakompyuta kuti ipange kufalitsa kotulutsa Chithunzi; Kenako ikani zinthu zomwe zimakhudza zokolola pamakompyuta kuti muziyerekeza, fufuzani zifukwa zenizeni zakusiyana kwa zokolola, ndikutenga njira zofananira kuti muthe kuzikwaniritsa, kuti mukwaniritse cholinga chokulitsa zokolola m'munda. Kuphatikiza apo, pulogalamu yanzeru yolamulira ya makina azaulimi itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuonjezera zokolola malinga ndi zosowa zenizeni, monga makina obzala, makina oteteza chomera, makina opangira feteleza, ndi zina zambiri; Chaka chilichonse, mapulani obzala mbewu kumunda a chaka chatsopano amakonzedwa poyerekeza kuyerekezera kwa zomwe zatulutsidwa. Kwaniritsani cholinga chamakono chodzala ulimi chodzala bwino.

(3) Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wosiyanasiyana. Feteleza imachitika molingana ndi momwe mbewu zimafunira, ndipo pulogalamu yothira feteleza imagwiritsidwa ntchito kumaliza. Choyamba, wolandila wa GPS amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochepetsa malo obzala mbewu ndikupeza chidziwitso cha malo obzala mbewu. Zambiri zimalowetsedwa mu kompyuta kuti apange mapu amagetsi, ndiyeno zomwezo zimasinthidwa ndi makina azidziwitso kuti adziwe komwe kuli minda. Zambiri zanthaka yanthaka ndi nkhokwe zachidziwitso. Kachiwiri, lembani zomwe mwapeza ndikugwiritsa ntchito feteleza, lolani feteleza azigwiritsa ntchito feteleza mkati mwa munda, ndipo mugwiritse ntchito wolandila GPS kuti alandire ma data osiyanasiyana kuchokera pa satellite kuti aweruze chisankho cha feteleza pagawo lililonse lazamalonda, kuwongolera umuna wa feteleza, ndikukwaniritsa cholinga chodzisinthira umuna ku nthaka yolingana.

(4) Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakufufuza za matenda azitsamba ndi tizilombo toononga. Kupezeka kwa matenda ndi tizilombo toononga kumadziwika ndi nthawi yayifupi yopatsira anthu komanso kufalikira kwakukulu, komwe kumawononga mbewu. Gwiritsani ntchito ukadaulo wa GPS kuti mupeze zidziwitso zokhudzana ndi malo omwe tizirombo ndi matenda amapezeka, ndikuziyika ku dipatimenti yoyang'anira tizilombo kudzera pa intaneti kuti apange zisankho. Malinga ndi zomwe zatchulidwazi ndi ukadaulo wa GPS, dipatimenti yoletsa ndi kuwongolera ikhoza kutulutsa njira yofalitsira ndi dera ndikufalitsa momwe tizirombo timakompyuta timakhalira, kuti apange njira zoyenera zopewera ndi kuwongolera potengera izi kuti muchepetse chuma zotayika chifukwa cha tizirombo kulima kuminda.

4 Mapeto

Pakulima kwamasiku ano kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa GPS kumathandizira pakukula ndikukula kwa zabwino zaulimi wolondola, ndipo zitha kuwonetsetsa kuti ulimi ukukwaniritsa zolinga zapamwamba, zakumwa zochepa komanso kuteteza zachilengedwe. Izi ndizomwe zikuchitika pakukula kwazaulimi.


Post nthawi: Sep-25-2020