Kapangidwe ka ma GPS oyikapo magalimoto ndi njira zotsutsana ndi kuba kutengera chiprocomputer ya chip imodzi

Magalimoto oyimitsa a Roadragon odana ndi kuba  amagwiritsa ntchito 51 mndandanda umodzi-chip STM32 ngati maziko olamulira, kuphatikiza gawo la GSM, gawo lokhala ndi GPS, ndi module yama sensa

Ndipo kapangidwe ka mapulogalamu amazindikira ntchito yodziyimira pawokha, kuyika ndi anti-kuba. The kachipangizo gawo utenga SW-420 bwinobwino chatsekedwa kugwedera sensa  , kumene angakathandizidwe kulamulira kugwedera

Chizindikiro champhamvu chimasinthidwa kukhala chizindikiro chamagetsi; Chip SIM908 ngati gawo loyika imatha kudziwa bwino momwe galimoto ikuyendera komanso kuthamanga kwake, ndikutumiza zidziwitso ku microcomputer imodzi kuti ichite ntchito ina.

Opaleshoni; Gawo la GSM limagwiritsa ntchito chipangizo cha Siemens TC35i, chomwe chimatha kutumiza deta kudzera pa doko lodziyimira payokha komanso kachipangizo kamodzi, kutumiza uthenga kwa eni ake, ndi kulandira eni ake.

Malamulo oyang'anira. Pambuyo poyeserera kwenikweni, kayendedwe ka galimoto kotsutsana ndi kuba  ndi kodalirika, kothandiza, kotsika mtengo, kosavuta kuyika, komanso kamapereka chitetezo chodalirika komanso chodalirika kwa eni magalimoto.

Onetsani chitetezo cha galimoto.

M'zaka zaposachedwa, ngozi zapamsewu monga kuwononga dala magalimoto komanso kuba mosaloledwa zawonjezeka. Ngakhale kuwonerera makanema pamseu kumatha kuthandiza kuyendetsa galimoto yotayika, kumafunikira anthu ambiri ogwira ntchito komanso zinthu zakuthupi. Kudzera galimoto kotsutsana ndi kuba , mwiniwake amatha kuzindikira kuwongolera kwakutali kwa galimotoyo. Galimoto ikawonongeka mwadala kapena kubedwa, mwiniwake wagalimoto amatha kugwiritsa ntchito njira yolimbana ndi kuba kuti ateteze galimotoyo ku mafuta ndi mphamvu kuti awonetsetse kuti katundu wa eni ake ndiotetezeka chifukwa chophwanyidwa.

Ndikukonzanso kosasintha kwa magwiridwe antchito agalimoto, chitetezo cha magalimoto lakhala limodzi lamavuto omwe opanga magalimoto amafunika kuwathetsa mwachangu. Pofuna kukonza bwino njira zotsutsana ndi kuba, makina oletsa kubera magalimoto akutuluka motsatizana. Pogwiritsa ntchito netiweki yotchuka kwambiri ya GSM, nkhaniyi ikuphatikiza ma hardware, mapulogalamu, ndi kulumikizana kuti athandize omwe ali ndi magalimoto kumaliza malo akutali ndikuthana ndi kuba kwa magalimoto  kudzera pa netiweki. Kuphatikiza apo, kukula kwa APP yam'manja ndi magwiridwe antchito a hardware kwalimbikitsanso kukonzanso kwa magalimoto.Nkhaniyi ikuphatikiza zida zamagetsi, mapulogalamu, ndi kulumikizana kuti athandize eni magalimoto kumaliza

Malo akutali odana ndi kuba  kwa magalimoto ophatikizidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, APP yam'manja komanso zovuta

Kukula kwa magwiridwe antchito kwalimbikitsanso kukweza kwa magalimoto.

Mfundo yonse yopanga

Roadragon  idaphatikizira makina odana ndi kuba ndikupanga galimoto yatsopano yoyikira zotsutsana ndi kuba kutengera zosowa zenizeni. Njira yeniyeni yogwiritsira ntchito ndikugwiritsa ntchito masensa otetemera kuti atole zambiri zamagalimoto, kugwiritsa ntchito makina oyimitsira GPS kuti adziwe momwe galimoto ikuyendera komanso kuthamanga kwake, ndikutumiza zidziwitsozo kwa microcontroller kuti akonze zambiri, ndipo pomaliza pake agwiritse ntchito netiweki ya GSM kutumiza kusinthira zotsatira pafoni ya eni. Zomwe zimachitika zimatumiza lamulo loyang'anira pa chipangizo chimodzi, ndipo pamapeto pake limazindikira ntchito monga kudula mafuta ndi mphamvu yagalimoto

Kiyi luso oyamba

2.1  Tekinoloje yolumikizirana ya GSM

GSM (Global System For Mobile Communications) ndiyo njira yolumikizirana yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito nthawi yogawika ukadaulo wambiri wogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe amlengalenga.

GPRS ndichidule cha General Packet Radio Service, ndipo ndi pulogalamu yantchito yamapaketi yoperekedwa ndi GSM mu gawo la Phase2 +. Imagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa IP wopanda zingwe kutengera mtundu wa paketi yotumizira paketi kuti ifalitse zothamanga kwambiri komanso zothamanga kwambiri ndikuwonetsa bwino. Ma netiweki a GSM / GPRS ndiwosintha ma netiweki  a GSM, GPRS ndikukula kwatsopano kwa GSM. Ukadaulo wa GPRS umagwiritsa ntchito netiweki yopanda zingwe zopanda zingwe ngati njira yotumizira, makamaka yopangidwa ndi station station, mobile network subsystem, mafoni station, ndi subsystem yothandizira

kapangidwe. Mwa iwo, magwiridwe antchito amagwiritsire ntchito amafunika kumaliza kusamalira ogwiritsa ntchito mafoni, kasamalidwe ka mafoni, ndi machitidwe ndi kukonza. Pulatifomuyi imatha kuzindikira kulumikizana kwachindunji komanso kosasunthika ndi ogwiritsa ntchito, ndipo imakhalanso ndi kasamalidwe kake ndi mapulogalamu ena owonjezera kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito mosavuta.

Zinthu zazikulu: GPRS imatha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zopanda zingwe, ndiye kuti, ogwiritsa ntchito angapo atha kugawana njira imodzi yopanda zingwe, ndipo wogwiritsa ntchito m'modzi amatha kukhala ndi njira zingapo zopanda zingwe nthawi imodzi, zomwe zimathandizira magwiridwe antchito ndi kuchuluka kwa deta; kusintha kwamalumikizidwe mwamphamvu kumayendetsedwa, ndipo ogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse Mu intaneti yolumikizana, liwiro lofikira ndilothamanga; perekani ogwiritsa ntchito mitundu 4 yamtundu wa QoS, ndipo kukonza kwa ogwiritsa ntchito QoS kumatha kukambirana; thandizani X.25 protocol ndi IP protocol; gwiritsani ntchito kuwerengera ndalama kuti misonkho ikhale yololera.

Kapangidwe kameneka kamagwiritsidwa ntchito pagalimoto kuti ipangitse kugwedezeka pambuyo pangozi, makina osanja amodzi-chip amayitanitsa gawo la GSM, kenako amatumiza zidziwitso zakudziwitsa eni galimoto ngati angatumize lamulo lowongolera kuti apange ulamuliro wotsatira.

 

2.2 GPS

GPS (Global Positioning System) ndi njira yokhazikitsira padziko lonse lapansi yopangidwa ndikutchuka ndi asitikali aku US. Ikhoza kupereka nthawi yeniyeni, nyengo yonse komanso maulendo apadziko lonse lapansi m'malo atatu apadziko lapansi, nyanja ndi mpweya, ndipo itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazankhondo monga kusonkhanitsa anzeru, kuwunika kuphulika kwa zida za nyukiliya komanso kulumikizana kwadzidzidzi.

Dongosolo la GPS limapangidwa makamaka ndi gawo la nyenyezi, gawo lowunika pansi ndi gawo lazida:

(1) Gawo la nyenyezi zam'mlengalenga, ndiye kuti gulu la ma satellite la GRS, limapangidwa ndi ma satelayiti 24.

(2) Gawo lowunikira pansi, zida zothetsera kuwunika kwa satelayiti pansi, imakhala ndi 1 station control (Master Control Station, MCS mwachidule), malo 4 a antenna (Ground Antenna) ndi malo owunikira 6 (Monitor Station ) mawonekedwe.

 (3) Gawo lazida zogwiritsa ntchito, ndiye kuti, wolandila GPS, limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kulandila ma satelayiti a GPS ndikugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zafotokozedwazo kuwerengera malo ndi nthawi ya wogwiritsa ntchitoyo.

Pali njira zambiri zokhazikitsira ndi ma satellite satellite GPS, pomwe pali njira zitatu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri: njira zoyimitsira magawo, njira zoyimira pseudo, ndi njira yolowera Dopley. Chifukwa masanjidwe osiyanasiyana amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana, iliyonse ili ndi zabwino zake ndi zovuta zake. Makhalidwe a GPS ndi awa: ntchito yapadziko lonse ndi 24h, kulondola kwambiri, imatha kupereka maulamuliro atatu, magwiridwe antchito osiyanasiyana, osiyanasiyana, odana ndi zosokoneza komanso chinsinsi. Ntchito yayikulu ya GPS mu njira yolimbana ndi kuba ndikulandila deta yomwe yatumizidwa kuchokera ku ma satelayiti, siginecha ya wailesi imatha kupeza malo oyenera komanso kuthamanga kwagalimoto munthawi yake, kenako ndikuilandira ndi kachipangizo kamodzi kakang'ono ka mawerengedwe a algorithm .

Zida zamagetsi ndi mapulogalamu

chithunzi002

Ma module a hardware a m'dongosolo lino akuphatikiza gawo lamagetsi, gawo lowongolera, GSM

Module, gawo la GPS, gawo lothamangitsana ndi gawo lolandirana [11]. Magetsi

Gawo lamagetsi limasinthidwa kukhala magetsi a 5 V DC okhazikika kudzera pa batri ya 12 V.

Gwiritsani ntchito zigawo zitatu zamagetsi zophatikizira zamagetsi kuti musinthe magetsi a 12 V kukhala magetsi ofunikira, ndi zina zambiri.

mulingo. Dera lamagawo amagetsi likuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi.

chithunzi003

Gawo loyang'anira lalikulu ndiye maziko a dongosolo lonse, lolumikizidwa ndi SW-420 module yotsekedwa yomwe nthawi zambiri imatsekedwa, gawo loyika GPS, netiweki ya GSM, kuyimitsa zamagetsi ndi madera ozungulira. Dera lozungulira limapangidwa ndi wotchi, kukonzanso ndi madera ena. Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito kachipangizo kakang'ono ka STM32F103 kachipangizo kamodzi, kamene kali ndi RTC (Real Time Clock) yomwe imagwira ntchito, komanso kukonzanso mphamvu. Pakati pawo, lamulo lolamulira la AT lomwe TC35i imalandira limatumizidwa ndi TXD1 pa doko lotsatira 1. TC35i imayang'anira kulandila kwa RXD1, GR-87

Mtsinje wa GPS umalandiridwa ndi TXD2 wa doko lotsatira 2. Kuphatikiza apo, makina oyendetsa magetsi amayang'aniridwa ndi doko la serial P1.1, ndipo pamapeto pake amazindikira kutsegula ndi kutseka kwa galimoto yoyambira dera.

Module ya GSM imagwiritsa ntchito gawo la Nokia 'dual-frequency industrial-grade module TC35i kuti ilumikizane ndi kompyuta imodzi yokhayo kudzera pa doko loyeserera. Dera ili limatumiza zidziwitso ku foni yam'manja ya mwini wake motsogozedwa ndi wowongolera wamkulu, ndipo nthawi yomweyo amatenga malamulo oyenera a eni ake.

GPS pamalo gawo amasankha SIM908 Chip, magetsi opaleshoni voteji osiyanasiyana ndi 5 ~ 24 V, ndi RS232 siriyo doko ndi anatengera. Pulogalamu ya GPS yotulutsa mawonekedwe a data imagwiritsa ntchito njira ya NMEA-0183, ndipo pulogalamu yowongolera imagwiritsa ntchito njira ya UBX. Gawo lokhala ndi GPS ndi gawo lalikulu la oyang'anira limakhazikitsa gawo loyeserera la doko lonyamula malowedwe molingana ndi protocol ya UBX, ndipo amalumikizana kudzera pa basi yoyendera.

Phata la gawo loyendetsa magetsi ndikulandirana, komwe kuli kofanana ndi kusintha komwe kumawongolera

Makina osinthira mafuta wamagalimoto ndi magetsi, ndiko kuzindikira poyambira, mafuta,

Mphamvu yamagetsi ndi ntchito zina. Chithunzi chozungulira cha gawo loyendetsa magetsi chikuwonetsedwa pachithunzichi.

chithunzi004

Pulogalamuyi idalembedwa mwadongosolo, kuphatikiza ma module a sensa, ma module olumikizirana, ma module oyika, ndi ma module ozimitsa mphamvu. Mapangidwe ake ndi awa: Choyamba, yambitsani gawo lirilonse, kenako tsatirani gawo lotsatira mukamaliza kukonza; Zomwe zimasonkhanitsidwa ndi gawo la sensa ndizosankhidwa ndikuwunikidwa. Ngati sampuli ndiyabwino, pitani ku opareshoni yotsatira; kachiwiri, itanani gawo lokhala ndi GPS ndi gawo la netiweki ya GSM, itanani zachilendo kuti mupite kuntchito yotsatira; Pomaliza, itanani gawo lowongolera zamagetsi, itanani zachilendo kuti mupite Gawo lotsatira.

Ma module onse atayitanidwa, pulogalamu yayikulu ya dongosolo lonselo imawunikanso molingana ndi njira zomwe zatchulidwazi mpaka zinthu zachilendo zitapezeka ndikudziwitsidwa. Pakati pawo, netiweki ya GSM / GPRS, GPS ndi kuwongolera kulumikizana zimatchedwa motsatana ndi malangizo a eni ake.

Kutsiliza

Roadragon kamagwiritsira ntchito SW-420 gawo lotsekemera lomwe limatsekedwa ngati sensa yopanga galimoto yoyimitsa anti-kuba kuti izindikire ntchito yolimbana ndi kuba. Zofufuza zatsimikizira kuti dongosololi lidayesedwa bwino ndipo lingathe kuzindikira kuwunika kwa nthawi ndi kuwongolera galimotoyo mwinimwini munthawi yake komanso moyenera. Maofesiwa ndiosavuta, mtengo wake ndi wotsika, mtengo wake ndiwokwera, ndipo zotsatira zake zikuyembekezeka. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa nthawi, ntchito zina zina sizinaphatikizidwe, monga kuwonjezera kamera kuti muzindikire owonera makanema.


Post nthawi: Sep-11-2020