Fou Faatoʻaga Faʻataʻitaʻiga i le 21st Seneturi

Faifaʻatoʻaga faʻatoʻaga o le faʻaaogaina o mamao tekonolosi lagona, faʻafanua faʻamatalaga sisitema, lalolagi tulaga faʻatulagaina, komepiuta tekonolosi ma isi faʻamatalaga tekonolosi e mataʻituina fanua faʻatoʻaga gaosiga ma lafumanu gaosiga, faʻalelei atili faʻatoʻaga ma lafumanu gaosiga ma lelei, ma faʻaleleia le mautu ma pulea o faʻatoʻaga. . O se ituaiga-fou faʻatoʻaga faʻataʻitaʻiga e faʻateleina le puipuiga o le siosiomaga siosiomaga ma mautinoa le gafataulimaina atinaʻe o faʻatoʻaga. Faʻafuainumera faʻatoʻaga atagia ai le tulaga lautele o faʻatoʻaga faʻafouina. Lenei tusitusiga talanoaina le uiga ma uiga o faʻafuainumera faʻatoʻaga, le faʻatekinolosi faiga ma atinae manatu o faʻafuainumera faʻatoʻaga, lea e tau atu ai i le lumanaʻi o fuainumera faʻatoʻaga.

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In 1997, the United States formally put forward the concept of “digital agriculture”, which refers to intensive and informatized agricultural technology supported by geospatial and information technology. In 1998, U.S. Vice President Al Gore delivered a speech entitled “The Digital Earth 21st Century How Mankind Knows the Earth”, again defining digital agriculture as “agricultural production and management technology produced by the combination of digital earth and intelligent agricultural machinery technology”. Digital agriculture is quickly becoming the 21st century agricultural development strategy for all countries in the world, striving to seize one of the commanding heights of technology, industry and economy. Currently, 20%’ of arable land and 80% of large farms in the United States have implemented this model, and digital agriculture will be popularized by 2010. Our country’s understanding of digital agriculture is still in the enlightenment stage, but the government has attached great importance to it. my country has established experimental bases in Xinjiang and Beijing to control the operation of agricultural machinery with GPS and remote sensing. Although there is still a lot of basic work to be done in realizing the digital agriculture model, which requires a lot of investment, it should not be too long to enter the substantive stage. Digital agriculture reflects the general trend of agricultural modernization, and it will surely become a brand-new model of agriculture in the 21st century.

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1. The meaning and characteristics of digital agriculture

 O faʻatoʻaga faʻafomaʻi e taua foʻi o faʻatoʻaga saʻo poʻo faʻamatalaga faʻatoaga. O lona faʻavae faʻavae o le tuʻufaʻatasia o tekonolosi maualuluga ma fou e pei o le mamao ese o tekonolosi, faʻafanua faʻamatalaga faiga, lalolagi tulaga faʻatulagaina, komepiuta tekinolosi, fesoʻotaʻiga ma fesoʻotaʻiga tekonolosi, otometi tekonolosi ma laufanua, faʻatoʻaga, ecology, laʻau physiology, ma isi Faʻalapotopotoga tuʻufaʻatasia autu faʻasologa e pei o le eleele saienisi ma saienisi eleele ina ia mautinoa le vaʻai totoʻa o mea toto ma eleele mai le macro i le micro i le gaioiga o faʻatoʻaga gaosiga, ina ia mafai ai ona maua faʻamatalaga masani o le faʻatupuina o le faʻatupulaia, atinaʻe tulaga, faʻamaʻi ma iniseti iniseti, vai ma faʻalaʻau. tulaga ma le fesoʻotaʻiga siosiomaga, Ina ia fausia ai se maoaʻe spatial faʻamatalaga polokalama; faʻataʻitaʻi le tulaga ma faʻagaioiga i faʻatoʻaga gaosiga ina ia ausia le mafuaʻaga o le faʻaaoga tatau o mea faʻifaʻatoʻaga, faʻaititia le tau o gaosiga, faʻaleleia le siʻosiʻomaga siʻosiʻomaga, faʻateleina le fua ma le lelei o fualaʻau oloa, ma faʻamautinoaina le gafataulimaina atinaʻe o faʻatoʻaga.

 Faʻatoʻaga faʻatoʻaga e faʻavae i luga o faʻatoʻaga fanua, ma le atoa gaioiga mai fanua faʻatoʻaga, luluina, faʻasusu, faʻalaʻupega, faʻataʻitaʻiga fanua, puleaina o fanua, puipuiga o laʻau, faʻavasegaina fua i seleselega, faʻasao, ma pulega ua mautinoa digitization, fesoʻotaʻiga ma atamai, uma faʻaaoga mamao lagona ma telemetry, maotua pulea, komepiuta ma isi alualu i luma tekonolosi ia iloa le faʻamatalaga-tulia, faʻasaienisi pulega, malamalama pulega, ma talafeagai faʻagaioiga o faʻatoʻaga gaosiga. I tausaga talu ai nei, o faʻatoʻaga faʻatoʻaga na aofia ai faʻatoʻaga (faʻatoʻaga faʻagaioiga), lelei togalaʻau, lelei faʻatoʻaga, lelei gaioiga, lelei pulega ma pulega, pei o faʻatoʻaga, vaomatua, lafumanu, faʻatoʻaga, faʻatoʻaga, gaosiga, gaosiga, sapalaiina, ma maketiga.

 O faʻatoʻaga faʻafomaʻi o loʻo i ai uiga ia: Muamua, o numera o loʻo teuina i faʻamaumauga faʻatoʻaga faʻanumeraina e iai uiga o le tele-source, multi-dimensional, temporal ma tele. O le tele-mafuaʻaga o faʻamatalaga e faʻasino i le 'eseʻese faʻamatalaga faʻavae ma eseʻese faʻamatalaga tulaga, lea e mafai ona avea mamao mamao lagona, ata, ata, leo, vitio, ma tusitusiga faʻamaumauga. O le faʻamatalaga e oʻo atu i le lima itu, faʻatasi ai ma le tolu-itu ma le tolu-itu spatiotemporal faʻamaumauga o le a le maalofia taʻitaʻia ai i le tele-fua ma tele faʻamatalaga i le nofoaga autu o faʻamatalaga. Lona lua, mo le faʻatulagaina ma le faʻatautaiga o ia tele-itu ma tele faʻamatalaga, aemaise lava mo le faʻatulagaina ma le faʻatautaiga o faʻaletino faʻamaumauga, o le taimi nei faʻatautaia komipiuta faʻamatalaga pulega e le agavaʻa, ma e manaʻomia le suʻesuʻeina o se augatupulaga fou o le pulega o faʻamaumauga tuʻufaʻatasiga. . Ma faʻavae se faʻavaitaimi faʻamatalaga faʻapitoa tau fanua. O lenei faiga faʻaletino ma faʻale-agavaivai faʻamatalaga e le gata e mafai ona lelei teuina spatial faʻamaumauga, ae faʻaaliga vaʻaia foʻi iuga o le tele-dimensional faʻamaumauga ma spatio-temporal auiliiliga. Lona tolu, o faʻatoʻaga faʻafomaʻi e manaʻomia le faʻataʻitaʻia o se tulaga masani, gaosiga, ma le faʻagaioiga o le tamaoaiga i faʻatoʻaga ma mea moni i luga o le faʻavae o le tele o taimi ma avanoa avanoa. Mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, faʻataʻitaʻiga o toega o vailaʻau oona i le palapala ma le moni o le faʻatupulaia o faʻatoaga, faʻalavelave faʻafuaseʻi faʻalavelave faʻafuaseʻi ma le moni o le faʻatau atu o maketi o oloa

2. Lagolagosua tau tekonolosi mo faʻatoʻaga numera

O le malosiaga faʻaosofia mo le suʻesuʻeina ma le atinaʻeina o tekonolosi faʻatoʻaga faʻatekonolosi o le vave maua ai o le eseesega fanua i le tufatufaina moni o le faʻatupuina o le siʻosiʻomaga ma seleselega fua i uma faʻatoʻaga eleele vaomatua fanua ma le taimi fetuʻunaʻi o ia eseesega. E ala ile tekonolosi "3S", e pei ole mamao mamao atu o le RS, GPS, faʻamatalaga faʻafanua GIS ma le GPS faʻatulagaina, e mafai ai ona maua ma faʻatonutonu eseesega i totonu o nei fanua, i le va o fanua ma fanua i le taimi talafeagai, ina ia faʻatino ai le faʻatupeina faʻavae i luga o faʻamautuina pisinisi faʻamoemoe ma ausia Paleni faʻaaogaina o punaʻoa gafatia i le fanua.

Faʻafuainumera faʻatoʻaga masani faalagolago i luga o le atoa faiga o 3S tekonolosi e mataʻitu lelei le tamaoaiga siʻosiʻomaga, gaosiga tulaga, meteorological ma faʻalavelave faʻafuaseʻi o faʻatoʻaga gaosiga, ma faʻatonutonu tagata e faia talafeagai faʻatoʻaga gaioiga i le moni taimi faʻavae i luga o eseesega eseesega. Aafiaga i faʻatoʻaga gaioiga o le iloa atamai ma faʻasaienisi pulega e faʻaleleia ai le mautu ma le faʻatonutonuina o faʻatoʻaga. I faʻaupuga a le tagata, o faʻatoʻaga faʻafomaʻi e faʻaaogaina le RS mo le macro-control, faʻaaoga le GPS e suʻe ai le tulaga o le eleele, ma faʻaaoga ai le GIS e faʻaputu, faʻagaoioia ma faʻamatuʻuina ai faʻamatalaga i luga o le eleele (laufanua, lauʻeleʻele, ituaiga faʻatoʻaga ma le tuputupu aʻe, palapala ma mea aoga o le eleele. tulaga, ma isi), Ma o loʻo galulue faʻatasi ma le eleele faʻaliliuga faʻamatalaga, taimi faʻatonutonu eleele folau ma isi faiga, e tusa ai ma le spatial fesuiaʻiga faʻamaumauga o elemene i le eria, setiina saʻo le sili faʻatoʻaga, faʻafouina, totoina, faʻasusu, faʻasusu ma isi gaioiga, suia o le masani Faʻateleina faʻagaioiga o se gaosiga lelei. Mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, a o le faʻasusuina o vailaʻau faʻasaina, e mafai ona maua e tagata faʻapitoa ni faʻamatalaga maʻoti luga eseese o vailaʻau ma faʻamaʻi i fanua eseʻese i se vaega laʻititi, ma faʻasaʻosaʻo le faʻasologa o aofaʻi i le mea tonu e "faʻatonuina ai le vailaau talafeagai". I le faia o lea, e le gata e sefe ai le vai, fanua, fatu, vailaʻau oona, fetilaisa, ma isi, ae faʻapena foi ona faʻaititia le tau o faʻatoʻaga, ina ia mafai ai ona faʻaaoga lelei inisi uma o le fanua, ma o mea uma e mafai ona faia lana matafaioi tatau, ma maua i le sili ona tamaoaiga faʻatau. O le oloa e sili ona lelei e mafai ona faʻaititia lelei ai le siosiomaga faʻaleagaina ma puipuia le faʻatoʻaga siosiomaga siosiomaga.

O se tekonolosi tekonolosi mamao ese RS. RS o se taua taua o faʻamatalaga i le fanua i le numera o faʻatoaga tekonolosi faiga. O le faʻagasologa o faʻatoʻaga faʻafouina manaʻomia le faʻatulagaina o le loloto gaosiga, o le malamalamaaga i le tulaga quo o faʻatoʻaga punaoa, o le mataʻituina o ana suiga ma le vaʻai o atinaʻe. O le aoga lelei o mamao tekinolosi lagona, e pei o le vave, faʻatinoina, ma le tamaoaiga, faia ai le sili auala o pulega faʻatoʻaga gaosiga ma filifiliga. Tekinolosi mamao mamao o le a maua ai le taʻaʻalo atoatoa i le lelei o faʻamatalaga aoina ma mataalia mataʻituina i fuainumera faʻatoʻaga. Meteorological satelite e mafai ona maua faʻamatalaga i tulaga o le tau i aso uma, ma timuga radar mafai ona faʻaaogaina e vaʻai ai timuga. E mafai foi e satelite lagona mamao ese ma fasimea i luga ole laueleele ma satelite mamao mamao atu ona maua ai faamatalaga talafeagai ma tala faatatau mo faatoaga, togavao, lafumanu, gataifale iʻa, ma fagotaga i le sami. I le 30 tausaga ua tuanaʻi, ua faia e le tekonolosi a le RS ni sao taua i le suʻesuʻeina o punaoa, ma le vaʻavaʻaia o faʻamatalaga o fua o faʻatoʻaga tetele, ma faʻavasegaina o faʻalavelave faʻafuaseʻi. O le faʻasologa o taimi ata na maua e le RS e mafai ona maua ai faʻamatalaga i luga o le eseesega eseese o laufanua o loʻo ola i fanua faʻatoʻaga, ma faʻaalia ai le fesuisuiaʻi o fusi faʻapitoa e atagia mai i luga o le fanua ona o uiga o le fanua faʻatoʻaga ma mea toto. O ata e aoina i taimi eseʻese i le vaitau e mafai ona faʻaogaina e fuafua ai suiga i fua o le faʻatupulaia o fua ma tulaga. O le a taulaʻi le faʻatonutonuina o tekonolosi i le talafeagai o le palapala palapala o le eleele palapala RS, o le tekonolosi e iloa ai le eletise mo vao ma tulaga o loʻo totoina ai faʻatoaga, ma le vaʻaia o ata faʻapitoa.

2. Faʻamatalaga Faʻafaʻafanua GIS. O le tekonolosi GIS e faʻavae i luga o faʻamaumauga faʻafanua. E ala ile GIS, oe mafai ona maua uma ituaiga o geospatial faʻamaumauga, aofia ai ata ma ata, faʻapea foi ma eseese geospatial auiliiliga, vectorization ma kulupuina o spatial ata. Ma, faʻatupu poloka fua tufatufaina vector ata e mafai ona faʻaaogaina e faʻatonutonu ai galuega. O le mamana spatial faʻamatalaga togafiti, faʻatautaia ma auiliiliga gaioiga o le GIS tekonolosi faia e le maalofia e tuʻufaʻatasia ma faʻatoʻaga spatial auiliiliga. O le GIS e le gata ina faʻaaogaina e faʻatonutonu ai faʻamatalaga faʻapitoa tau fanua, ae tatau foʻi ona tuʻuina mai ni meafaigaluega suʻesuʻe, auai i le suʻesuʻega, faʻaali ma faʻalauiloa taunuʻuga o le auiliiliga, ma isi tulaga. O le mea lea, tekonolosi GIS maua ai se alualu i luma ma aoga auala mo le atinaʻeina o faafuainumera faʻatoʻaga.

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3. Global Positioning System GPS. Since the advent of GPS tekonolosi , it has attracted people’s general attention with its advantages of high accuracy, high speed, and simple operation, and has begun to be used in agricultural management. Agricultural spatial analysis requires GPS to describe the soil moisture, fertility, weeds and pests, crop seedling conditions and yield in real time, and track each element. The real-time 3D positioning and precise timing functions of GPS technology provide practical technical means for agricultural digital analysis.

4. Virtual reality VR tekinolosi . VR tekinolosi e faʻasino i le fausiaina o se virtual reality system e faʻatagaina ai tagata auai ona maua se lagona o le faʻatofuina ma maeʻa fegalegaleaiga. E maua ai se lagona loloto mo tagata e mataʻituina le natura, talisapaia laufanua, ma malamalama i le faʻalapotopotoga. E mafai ona faʻaaogaina tekonolosi moni e faʻaalia ai le tulaga o faʻatoʻaga afaina i faʻamaʻi ma faʻamaʻi, le moni mea moni o le faʻatupuina o faʻatoaga, le moni mea moni o faʻatoʻaga faʻalavelave faʻafuaseʻi, ma le faimalaga atu o toega o vailaʻau oona i le laueleele. Faʻatusa ma isi

5. Otometi ma atamamai faʻatoʻaga masini faʻagaioiga tekinolosi . I le faʻaiuga o le 1980, o le mataʻituina o masini faʻatoʻaga masini ma mea faigaluega na vave ona faʻafaigata ma atamai. Ua amata mai le pulega iunite i tufatufa faʻatonutonuina, ma mai se tutoatasi faiga faʻagaioiga i le tuʻufaʻatasia pulega faʻaiuga faiga. Masini faʻatoʻaga faʻatulagaina i komepiuta, GPS, GIS ma eseese suʻesuʻega ma fuaina mea faigaluega, pei o le seleselega, tagata totoina, faʻalauteleina o fetilaisa, mea faʻasusu, faʻasusu, ma isi mea, faʻatasi ai ma le lautele o faʻatoʻaga gaioiga, ae faʻapea foi le otometi faʻagaioiga Ma le faʻaputuputuina ma le tusiaina o galuega.


Taimi Post: Setema-25-2020