Tsvagiridzo pamusoro pekushandisa kweGPS Tekinoroji mune Yezvekurima Zvekurima

Kushandisa tekinoroji yeGPS kuminda yekurima uye michina yekurima inogona kunyatso kugadzirisa padanho rekugadzirwa kwekurima uye mashandiro emuchina wekurima. Inotsanangudza kuumbwa kweGPS uye kusiyanisa tekinoroji yeGPS, inoongorora mashandisirwo eGPS mune zvekurima zvemazuva ano nemuchina wekurima, kuitira kuti ipe mareferensi ekushandisa kweGPS tekinoroji mune zvekurima zvazvino munyika yangu.

The management of crop growth and material placement in traditional agriculture in my country is largely based on experience, while modern agriculture requires precise operations to manage different fields and crops separately, and carry out field management and material placement based on the growth characteristics of crops in the field and soil conditions , Management effectiveness and accuracy of material delivery have been greatly improved. In order to facilitate the management of farmland operations, a positioning system is required to accurately locate and record geographic locations. The use of global positioning system for data collection and the use of modern information technology for navigation on this basis can provide effective help for farmers to accurately grasp the location of agricultural machinery such as tractors and harvesters and farmland equipment, and greatly improve the accuracy of agricultural production. It is an important application of GPS technology in modern agriculture

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1 Kuumbwa kweGPS

GPS inoreva iyo Global Positioning System. Musimboti wayo ndeye kushandisa masatellite ekutsvagisa kuti uwane uye uwane zvinhu pasi. GPS inoumbwa nezvikamu zvitatu zvikuru: kuongorora kwepasi, kuwanda kwenzvimbo, uye kugamuchirwa kwevashandisi. Ground yekutarisa yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu: jekiseni chiteshi, yekutarisa chiteshi, uye main control chiteshi. Iyo chiteshi chejekiseni inoitisa jekiseni rakadzama satellite data;

Inotarisira kuongorora iyo chaiyo-nguva ruzivo rwemasaiti, uye panguva imwechete kuunganidza ephemeris; iyo tenzi yekudzora chiteshi inodzokorora akasiyana parameter munguva. Zvikamu zvitatu izvi zvinoona kubatana kweruzivo nerubatsiro rwehunyanzvi hwekutaurirana hwazvino, uye zvinogona kuchinjana data rakasiyana munguva chaiyo. Iko kushanda uye kudzora kwezviteshi zvitatu zvese zvakavakirwa pahwaro hwemakomputa nemaatomu wachi, ayo anogona kuona iwo otomatiki uye kunyatsoita kwekuita kwacho. Chikwata chenyeredzi chine satellites makumi maviri nemana, ayo matatu ari ma satellite akapara. Masatellita makumi maviri nemana akashongedzerwa neakanyanya-chaiyo maatomu wachi. Atomic wachi inoita basa rakakosha mumasaiti uye iwo akakosha hwaro hweyakanyanya-yepamusoro-chaiyo nguva yekudzora. . Masatellites ari muchikwata chenyeredzi anoshanda zvakaenzana akagoverwa munzira nhanhatu, uye iyo nguva yekutenderera ingangoita gumi nemana h58 min, iyo inopa vimbiso yakazara yekutarisisa setiraiti munzvimbo dzese uye nepasi. Uye zvakare, iyo mamiriro ekunze haazokanganisa kugashirwa uye kupararira kwesatellite masaini, nekudaro kuzadzikisa kwepasirese, nguva dzese-dzechokwadi-nguva yekumisikidza. Mushandisi anotambira chikamu ndechekugamuchira nemazvo masaini anotepfenyurwa nesataneti kuburikidza neanogamuchira GPS, uye shandisa data rakagamuchirwa kuti utarise nekugadzirisa iyo data kupedzisa iyo yekufambisa uye yekumisikidza sevhisi. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, ndeye kuteedzera dzakasiyana data re satellite, uye wozogadzirisa nekukudza iyo yakawanikwa chiratidzo kuti uwane iyo GPS chiratidzo. Iyo nguva inotora yekuparadzira kubva kune satellite kune iyo inogamuchira antenna inotariswa zvichibva pane yekufambisa mameseji anogadzirwa neiyo GPS satellite. Kugadziridza kwekushandura, uyezve wozotora matatu-mativi ekumhanya, nguva uye chinzvimbo chechiteshi. Kubva pamusika wazvino wepasi rose, kune vazhinji vagadziri vevanogamuchira GPS. Chimiro cheiyo GPS inogamuchira inogona kuve yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri, zvinoti chinogamuchira chinzvimbo uye kanyanga unit,

Chikamu chekutambira chinogadzirwa nemagetsi, nzvimbo yekuchengetera, chiteshi cheyuniti, kuverenga uye kuratidza chinodzora unit, nezvimwe.Iyo kanyanga unit inoumbwa neye preamplifier uye inogamuchira antenna.

2Differential GPS tekinoroji

Musiyano GPS tekinoroji inogadzirwa kuburikidza neGPS tekinoroji uye musiyano tekinoroji. Iyi tekinoroji inobvumira GPS kuti iwane data rakaringana kusangana nezvinodiwa nevashandisi vepamusoro-soro. Isa chinogamuchira GPS munzvimbo ine nzvimbo chaiyo yekugadzira chiteshi chereferensi. Kamwe iyo inonongedza chiteshi inogamuchira iyo inoonekwa satellite ruzivo, iyo inoyera pseudorange yesatelite inoenderana neruzivo uye kuenzanisa iyo pseudorange neiyo yakachengetwa chaiyo daro. Nenzira iyi, iyo yekuyera chiyero kukanganisa kweinoonekwa satellite ruzivo mune iyo GPS system inowanikwa. Iko kukanganisa kunonziwo mutsauko kururamisa daro. Wobva washandisa kukanganisa uku sekukosha kwekugadzirisa kuenzanisa neyakajairika dhata uye kuendesa kunzvimbo yekumisikidza chiteshi, kuitira kuti iyo GPS system yemumwe mushandisi munzvimbo iri padyo igamuchire iko kukanganisa kururamisa chiratidzo kubva pakuverenga, nokudaro kugadzirisa iyo chiyero cheGPS chiyero mukati iyo yekumisikidza system uye nekuvandudza iko kumisikidza kurongeka. Kusiyanisa GPS chinzvimbo chinosiyaniswa zvichienderana nemusiyano munzira iyo chiteshi chechiteshi chinotumira ruzivo, kusanganisira mutakuri wedanho musiyano, pseudorange mutsauko, chinzvimbo musiyano, uye chikamu chakatsetseka pseudorange mutsauko. Parizvino, aya matekinoroji akati wandei akashandiswa mune akasiyana matekinoroji ekugadzira zvekurima kuti ape data rakanangana nekumiswa chaiko kwekurima kwemazuva ano.

3 Application of GPS in modern agriculture

Chinangwa chikuru chekuvandudzwa kwekurima kwemazuva ano kuwedzera gohwo uye hupfumi hwezvirimwa, uye nekuvandudza nzvimbo yekudyara yemapurazi. Kuti ugone kuzadzisa ichi chinangwa, hazvisi chete zvakakosha kuti uite tsvagiridzo uye kuunza mhando yepamusoro uye yepamusoro-goho, kugadzirisa mamiriro ekurima ekurima, simbisa manejimendi ekurima zvirimwa, gadzira marongero esainzi ekudyara, nezvimwe. zviwanikwa zvekurima kubva pakuona kwekuvandudzwa kwesainzi uye kuitisa zvine hungwaru kuendesa nekutungamira zvinogona kuwana budiriro izere nekushandisa zviwanikwa, kunyatso kugadzirisa mashandisirwo ezviwanikwa uye mabhenefiti ebudiriro, uye kubatsira kuwedzera mari yekugadzira zvekurima nekuita basa. Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kuti uwane nekukasira uye nenguva kuwana uye kushandisa akasiyana ruzivo ruzivo rwekurima kwazvino.

3.1 Inoshandiswa kugadzirwa kwemapurazi epamepu mamepu

Kuti ushandise uye kuvandudza hunyanzvi hwekurima tekinoroji, mepu yemagetsi yepurazi inogadzirwa zvinoenderana nenzvimbo yekurimwa. Zvinoenderana nebasa reGPS inogamuchira michina, varimi vanogona kufamba vakatenderera nzvimbo yekurima mudenderedzwa, nekudaro vachiona kudzikiswa kwenzvimbo yemuganhu wepurazi. Kuti zvirambe zviripo zvakasiyana zvepurazi, varimi vanofanira kugadzirisa nekuongorora mamiriro ekukura kwezvirimwa, kugoverwa kwehutano hwevhu, kukukurwa kwevhu uye mashandiro epurazi nenzira yakakodzera. Iyo GPS system inoshandiswa kugadzirisa nzvimbo dziine shanduko hombe kumatopu epurazi, kuti uwane kurekodha kwakaringana uye kumisikidza satellite.

It also includes important factors such as roads, reservoirs, houses, ditches, etc. distributed in the farmland, which are accurately displayed on the farmland electronic map. After recording the various data on the farmland, use the downloaded and recorded farmland boundary and topographic data, and apply relevant software to make a farmland electronic map for later use.

3.2 Inoshandiswa pakutsvaga kwakaringana kwevhu ivhu

Kuburikidza nesampling sampling, kugoverwa kwevhu ivhu zvinovaka kunogona kuwanikwa, izvo zvinopa hwaro hwekudyara kwesainzi uye kunowedzera kugona kwekushandisa kwefetiraiza. Muvhu sampling inogona kuitwa uchishandisa GPS uye inoenderana sampling software. Zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa pakuyera, iyo sampuli yeGPS inoshandiswa kutora masampuli evhu mupurazi. Iko kumisikidzwa kwenzvimbo yega yega yemuenzaniso kunogona kupedzwa nemusiyano GPS tekinoroji. Zvakare, zvinoenderana nezvakakwana zvinovaka muviri mumuenzaniso uye nemepu yepamusoro yenzvimbo yekuongorora, yakabatanidzwa netekinoroji yeGIS, ivhu riri munzvimbo Iyo mepu yekuparadzira zvinovaka muviri inotorwa kuti ipe hwaro hwakavimbika hwevarimi kufesaiza nesainzi kuronga zvine musoro kudyara. Munguva yekukura kwezvirimwa, kumisikidzwa kweGPS kunogona zvakare kushandiswa kuunganidza data, uye ivhu masampuli uye masampula ezvirimwa epurazi anogona kufananidzwa nekuongororwa, uye kukura kwezvirimwa munguva dzakasiyana uye zvinovaka muviri muvhu munguva dzakasiyana inogona kuvezwa kuburikidza nehunyanzvi hweGPS uye RS tekinoroji. Mepu inotorwa kuti ione kugadzirwa kwemazuva ano kwekurima pamwe nesainzi manejimendi uye nemirairo chaiyo.

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3.3 Inoshandiswa kune michina yemazuva ano yekurima

Iko kushandiswa kweGPS tekinoroji mune yanhasi chaiyo kurima ndeyekunyatso kumisikidza, topographic kuyera uye kufamba kweakasiyana epurazi mashandiro. Kuti uwane zvinangwa izvi, vagashiri veGPS vanofanirwa kunge vakabatana nemuchina wepurazi kuti uwane chinzvimbo chaicho, kuyerwa kwenzvimbo uye otomatiki kufamba kwepurazi mumabasa akasiyana epurazi.

(1) Inoshandiswa kumatirakita asina vanhu. Maturakita asina kumakwa anoshandisa GPS uye epasi-pasi masystem ekufamba mashandiro epurazi vachishandisa unmanned tekinoroji. Matirakita asina kuiswa anogona kusunungura vashandi vevarimi, haadi mashandiro emutyairi, uye anogona kuita mashandiro akanaka achienderera kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana. Iyo yemukati nzvimbo inogona zvakare kushandiswa kumisikidza zvekurima maturusi, zvinovandudza mashandiro ebasa yeyuniti unit.

(2) Inoshandiswa kusanganisa vakohwi. Mhando iyi yemucheki inoshongedzerwa neyepasi rose chinzvimbo system inogamuchira uye nenzvimbo yeruzivo ruzivo. Kana zvirimwa zvikohwewa, inzwa yezvibereko uye tekinoroji yeDGPS inogona kuwana iyo data yekuparadzira yezvibereko zvechirimwa chimwe nechimwe mupurazi, uye wopinza idzi data mukombuta kuti iite goho rekuparadzira Mufananidzo; Wobva waisa izvo zvinhu zvinokanganisa goho rezvirimwa mukombuta kuti uenzanise, ongorora zvikonzero chaizvo zvekusiyana kwezvibereko, uye tora matanho anoenderana kuzvigadzirisa, kuti uwane chinangwa chekuwedzera goho remumunda. Uye zvakare, iyo inonzwisisika yekudzora software yemuchina wekurima inogona kushandiswa kuwedzera goho rezvirimwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa chaizvo, senge yekudyara michina, michina yekudzivirira michina, michina yekuisa fetereza, nezvimwe. gore rega rega, chirongwa chegore nyowani chekudyara goho chinogadzirwa kuburikidza nekuenzanisa kwedhidhi data. Zadzisa chinangwa chemazuva ano chekudyara chekudyara kwakanaka.

(3) Inoshandiswa kune kusiyanisa fetiraiza. Feteraiza inoitwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nezvirimwa, uye otomatiki anoshandisa fetiraiza anoshandisa kupedzisa. Kutanga, iyo GPS inogamuchira inoshandiswa kudzika nzvimbo yekudyara goho uye kuwana iyo contour dhata yenzvimbo yekudyara goho. Iyo data inopinda mukombuta kuti iite mepu yemagetsi, uyezve iyo data inogadziriswa neiyo geographic information system yekuongorora nzvimbo yepurazi. Ruzivo rwevhu uye ivhu rekugadzira. Chechipiri, pinda iyo data uye sarudzo yedhata rekushanda mugadziriro yeanoshandura anoshandisa fetiraiza, rega anoshandisa fetiraiza aite mashandiro e fetisesa mukati memunda wekurima, uye shandisa iyo GPS inogamuchira kuti igamuchire dzakasiyana nzvimbo dzekumira kubva kune satellite kuti mutonge fetiraiza danho renzvimbo yega yega yekurimisa mashandiro Ruzivo, chengetedza kudyara kweanoshandisa fetiraiza, uye uzadzise chinangwa chekugadzirisa nekukurumidza fetiraiza kune inoenderana ivhu.

(4) Inoshandiswa pakutsvaga kwezvirwere zvezvirimwa uye zvipembenene zvipembenene. Kuitika kwezvirwere netupukanana tupukanana kunoonekwa nekupfupisa nguva yekuparadzira uye nzvimbo yakakura yekupararira, iyo inokuvadza zvakanyanya kune zvirimwa. Shandisa tekinoroji yeGPS kuunganidza ruzivo rwakanangana nezvenzvimbo dzinowanikwa tupukanana nezvirwere, wozviisa kubazi rekudzivirira zvipembenene kuburikidza neInternet pakuita sarudzo. Zvinoenderana neruzivo chairwo rwunounganidzwa nehunyanzvi hweGPS, dhipatimendi rekudzivirira uye rekudzora rinogona kuburitsa nzira inopararira nenzvimbo uye nekuparadzira mafambiro ezvipembenene mukomputa, kuti vagadzire matanho akakodzera ekudzivirira uye ekudzivirira anoenderana neruzivo urwu kudzikisa hupfumi kurasikirwa kunokonzerwa nezvipembenene kune kurima kwepurazi.

4 Mhedziso

Mukugadzirwa kwazvino kwekurima, kushandiswa kweGPS tekinoroji kunobatsira mukukudziridza uye kuwedzera kwezvakanaka zvekurima kwekurima, uye inogona kuve nechokwadi chekuti kurima kunozadzisa zvinangwa zvekushanda kwakanyanya, kushomeka kwekushandisa uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza. Uku ndiko zvakare kuita kukuru kwekuvandudzwa kwezvino kwekurima.


Post nguva: Sep-25-2020